Some good information on the solar science can be found on the EST website. See for more solar science this link.
Personally I like the QuEST video's (see this link) which provide an historic overview on :.
- Galileo Galilei - rotation of the Sun
- George Ellery Hale - magnetic fiels in sunspots
- Angelo Secchi - spicules
- John and Mary Evershed - gas motions in penumbra, now known as Evershed effect
- Richard Carrington - solar flare
